(a) National language and area centers and programs authorized (1) Centers and programs (A) In general The Secretary is authorized - (i) to make grants to institutions of higher education, or combinations thereof, for the purpose of establishing, strengthening, and operating comprehensive foreign language and area or international studies centers and programs; and (ii) to make grants to such institutions or combinations for the purpose of establishing, strengthening, and operating a diverse network of undergraduate foreign language and area or international studies centers and programs. (B) National resources The centers and programs referred to in paragraph (1) shall be national resources for - (i) teaching of any modern foreign language; (ii) instruction in fields needed to provide full understanding of areas, regions, or countries in which such language is commonly used; (iii) research and training in international studies, and the international and foreign language aspects of professional and other fields of study; and (iv) instruction and research on issues in world affairs that concern one or more countries. (2) Authorized activities Any such grant may be used to pay all or part of the cost of establishing or operating a center or program, including the cost of - (A) teaching and research materials; (B) curriculum planning and development; (C) establishing and maintaining linkages with overseas institutions of higher education and other organizations that may contribute to the teaching and research of the center or program; (D) bringing visiting scholars and faculty to the center to teach or to conduct research; (E) professional development of the center's faculty and staff; (F) projects conducted in cooperation with other centers addressing themes of world regional, cross-regional, international, or global importance; (G) summer institutes in the United States or abroad designed to provide language and area training in the center's field or topic; and (H) support for faculty, staff, and student travel in foreign areas, regions, or countries, and for the development and support of educational programs abroad for students. (3) Grants to maintain library collections The Secretary may make grants to centers described in paragraph (1) having important library collections, as determined by the Secretary, for the maintenance of such collections. (4) Outreach grants and summer institutes The Secretary may make additional grants to centers described in paragraph (1) for any one or more of the following purposes: (A) Programs of linkage or outreach between foreign language, area studies, or other international fields, and professional schools and colleges. (B) Programs of linkage or outreach with 2- and 4-year colleges and universities. (C) Programs of linkage or outreach with departments or agencies of Federal and State governments. (D) Programs of linkage or outreach with the news media, business, professional, or trade associations. (E) Summer institutes in foreign area, foreign language, and other international fields designed to carry out the programs of linkage and outreach described in subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D). (b) Graduate fellowships for foreign language and area or international studies (1) In general The Secretary is authorized to make grants to institutions of higher education or combinations of such institutions for the purpose of paying stipends to individuals undergoing advanced training in any center or program approved by the Secretary. (2) Eligible students Students receiving stipends described in paragraph (1) shall be individuals who are engaged in an instructional program with stated performance goals for functional foreign language use or in a program developing such performance goals, in combination with area studies, international studies, or the international aspects of a professional studies program, including predissertation level studies, preparation for dissertation research, dissertation research abroad, and dissertation writing. (c) Special rule with respect to travel No funds may be expended under this part for undergraduate travel except in accordance with rules prescribed by the Secretary setting forth policies and procedures to assure that Federal funds made available for such travel are expended as part of a formal program of supervised study. (d) Allowances Stipends awarded to graduate level recipients may include allowances for dependents and for travel for research and study in the United States and abroad.