Black Women in the Struggle

Sentinel; Los Angeles, Calif. (March 08, 2007)

Author: Simmonds, Yussuf J
Vol: 72, Issue: 31
Permanent Link: http://vlex.com/vid/black-women-in-the-struggle-63855507
Id. vLex: VLEX-63855507

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Summary:

[Amy Jacques Garvey] was described as an exemplary politician and a devoted wife to the Honorable [Marcus Garvey]. One of her best roles was as a publicist for Garveyism and as one of the editors of the "Negro World" newspaper. Her activism, during and after the death of her husband in 1940. clearly demonstrated the indispensable role she played in the disintegration of the colonialism system. In 1945, she was instrumental in convening the fifth Pan African Congress (PAC) and later on, she visited West Africa at the request of President [Kwame Nkrumah]. She co-sponsored the sixth PAC in Dar Es Salaam and in her final years, she wrote and published "Garvey and Garveyism," in addition to her collection of essays on Black Power in America, and the Impact of Garvey in Africa and Jamaica. She died as she lived, as a fighter for the Liberation Black people, in 1973.

As Betty Jean Sanders, she grew up in a middle-class home and attended the Methodist church. In 1956, she met [Malcolm X], who was then a minister in the Nation of Islam, in Harlem, New York. She stated "I never 'dated' Malcolm," in the traditional way as expressed in society." She became [Betty Shabazz] in 1958 and during the next seven years, they had six children: Attallah, Qubilah, Ilyasah, Gamilah, Malaak, and Malikah - all girls. Their marriage ended abruptly on February 21. 1965, when Malcolm was killed. Thereafter, she made the hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca. This was the start of her recovery process and of the reality that she had to raise her children as a single parent. Being the strong Black woman that she was, she returned to school and earned a PhD. in the field of education.

After two "missed" trials of her husband's killer, [Myrlie Evers-Williams] moved with her children to California. She earned a degree from Pomona College and was eventually appointed to the Los Angeles Commission of Public Works. In 1975, she married Walter Williams. Myrlie Evers-Williams was relentless after justice for her first husband's killer and that materialized in 1994. Shortly after, her second husband died, she became the first woman to chair the NAACP. She had traveled a long way to becoming a community leader in her own right-and she wrote about it in her memoirs, "Watch Me Fly: What I Learned on the Way to Becoming the Woman I Was Meant to Be." With her help, three movies were made about the assassination titled. "For Us, The Living: the Story of [Medgar Evers]," "Ghosts of Mississippi; and also a documentary, titled, "Southern Justice: The Murder of Medgar Evers." After the final trial, she reportedly explained her reason for bringing up the pain and anger again, "I walked side by side with Medgar in everything he did."

Headnotes:

Extract:

Black Women in the Struggle

Black women have always sacrificed and shared the burden of responsibility with their husbands throughout the Black Liberation Struggle. They suffered equally through tragedies and triumphs, and in some cases, they did so "silently." Sometimes they never received the recognition and the respect that equal partners deserve. These are Black women whose husbands have helped to secure a bigger space and a better place for Black people the world over, and have left large footprints in the sands of time. And though much has been done, there is still a lot left to do.

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