Federal Circuits, 4th Cir. (March 16, 1992)
Docket number: 90-5549,90-5552
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Appeals from the United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia, at Roanoke. Jackson L. Kiser, District Judge. (CR-90-64-R)
Deborah Caldwell-Bono, Roanoke, Va., for appellant Abbott.James C. Turk, Jr., Stone, Hamrick, Harrison & Turk, P.C., Radford, Va., for appellant Wingo.E. Montgomery Tucker, United States Attorney, Thomas J. Bondurant, Jr., Assistant United States Attorney, Christina Gratke, Third-Year Law Student Intern, Roanoke, Va., for appellee.W.D.Va.AFFIRMED.Before K.K. HALL, SPROUSE and LUTTIG, Circuit Judges.OPINIONPER CURIAM:In these consolidated appeals, Appellants Isaac George Abbott and David Lloyd Wingo appeal their convictions for drug-related offenses. Abbott was convicted, among other things, of conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute marijuana and cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C.A. § 841 (West 1981 & Supp.1991); carrying a firearm during a drug trafficking crime, in violation of 18 U.S.C.A. § 924(c) (West 1976 & Supp.1991); and conspiracy to travel in interstate commerce to promote an unlawful activity, in violation of 18 U.S.C.A. § 1952(a)(3) (West 1984 & Supp.1991). Appellant David Wingo was acquitted of conspiracy but convicted of using or carrying a firearm during or in relation to a drug trafficking crime, in violation of 18 U.S.C.A. § 924(c). Finding no merit to the arguments raised on appeal, we affirm the convictions.In 1989 authorities began investigating drug trafficking in southwest Virginia. Officials learned that Jesse McCoy Whitley was a principal supplier of marijuana and cocaine and that Abbott was a major distributor of cocaine and marijuana that he obtained from Whitley. While Abbott handled most of the mechanics of the organization, his wife, Jewel, managed the money and kept track of accounts. Abbott, in turn, supplied drugs to dealers such as James Stallings.On March 24, 1990, officers were conducting surveillance of a Holiday Inn in Salem, Virginia. They had learned that Whitley was in town to collect approximately $50,000 in drug debts owed to him. One of Whitley's debtors was Stallings, who had begun to buy directly from Whitley, thereby bypassing Abbott. Stallings owed Whitley approximately $10,000.Fearing that Abbott would try to intercept the transaction with Whitley and perhaps do him bodily harm, Stallings solicited the help of two men, including Appellant Wingo. The men were to act as Stallings' bodyguards. There was evidence that Wingo expected to be provided cocaine at cost in return for his services.Officers arrested Stallings, Wingo, and others at the Holiday Inn. They discovered a loaded .38 caliber revolver and a 9 mm. clip on Wingo's person. In his truck, they discovered a loaded 9 mm. Smith and Wesson automatic handgun. Additionally, in a bag belonging to Wingo, officers discovered drug paraphernalia.We reject Wingo's contention on appeal that the court's response to the jury's question on elements of the firearms charge was a misstatement of the law that led the jury into believing it could convict Wingo even if it did not believe he had knowledge of the drug conspiracy. The court accurately set out in its original charge all elements of the offense, including the scienter requirement. The jury asked if Wingo had to be distributing drugs himself in order to be found guilty. The court's response was that he did not; that he instead merely had to possess the gun in aid, assistance, or promotion of the drug transaction. The response was accurate. Viewing the original instruction and the response as a whole, we find the court did not abuse its discretion in responding as it did. See United States v. Horton, 921 F.2d 540, 546 (4th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 59 U.S.L.W. 3850 (U.S.1991); United States v. Iredia, 866 F.2d 114, 118 (5th Cir.), cert. denied,Try vLex for FREE for 3 days
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