¿Cuándo debe responder el banco en caso de fraude? - vLex Colombia

¿Cuándo debe responder el banco en caso de fraude?

Published date25 February 2021
Law FirmMuñoz Tamayo & Asociados




¿CUÁNDO DEBE RESPONDER EL BANCO EN CASO DE FRAUDE?

IMPLICACIONES DE LA SC5176-20 DE LA SALA DE CASACIÓN CIVIL QUE ESTABLECE LAS REGLAS DE LA

RESPONSABILIDAD OBJETIVA DE LAS ENTIDADES BANCARIAS ANTE LA SUSTRACCIÓN FRAUDULENTA DEL

DINERO DE SUS CLIENTES.

El pasado 18 de diciembre de 2020, por medio de la sentencia SC5176-2020, la Sala de

Casación Civil de la Corte Suprema de Justicia estableció los criterios de responsabilidad

objetiva aplicables a los bancos. A continuación, se presentan (i) los antecedentes, (ii) las

consideraciones, y (iii) la decisión tomada por la Corte.

1. ANTECEDENTES

La Corte conoció el recurso de casación interpuesto por los demandados, el Banco Bilbao

Vizcaya Argentaria Colombia S.A. (“BBVA”) y la Caja de Crédito Agrario, Industrial y

Minero en liquidación (“Caja Agraria”), en contra de la sentencia del 23 de noviembre de

2018, proferida por el Tribunal Superior del Distrito Judicial de Bogotá, dentro del proceso

declarativo promovido por la Financiera de Desarrollo Territorial S.A. (“Findeter”).

La controversia se originó en la ejecución de un contrato de administración de depósitos

en cuenta corriente bancaria celebrado entre Findeter, como depositante, y BBVA, como

depositario. De acuerdo con el contrato, BBVA desembolsaría los recursos depositados

por Findeter, en sus sucursales o en otros bancos que tuviera oficinas en los municipios

designados, una vez ésta hubiera indicado el monto, el destinatario y el lugar de entrega

del dinero. Luego de hecha la transferencia, BBVA notificaría a Findeter para que éste a

su turno avisara al alcalde o al gobernador respectivo que los recursos estaban

disponibles.

...

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