Deuda externa: demandas contra la Argentina
Date | 30 May 2003 |
Author | Gabriel Matarasso |
Published date | 30 May 2003 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
En los últimos dos meses, un tribunal del Distrito Sur de Nueva York dictó resoluciones en casos en los que se reclamaba a la República Argentina en relación al pago de su deuda externa en default. Se trata de tres juicios iniciados por tenedores de bonos nacionales y dos “class actions”.
El tribunal decidió rechazar las “class actions” y hacer lugar a los juicios sumarios de los tenedores individuales.
Las “class actions” fueron rechazadas por cuestiones procesales, como falta de definición precisa de la clase y de los bonos comprendidos en el reclamo. En estos casos, el tribunal reconoció expresamente que el esfuerzo de negociar un plan de reestructuración será un canal importante para intentar resolver el problema de la deuda argentina y que, para ello, resultará necesario que las personas que estén comprendidas en la “class action” y, por lo tanto, excluidas de un plan voluntario de reestructuración, se encuentren claramente identificadas.
Con relación a los reclamos individuales, el tribunal rechazó las defensas opuestas y la espera solicitada por la República Argentina, e hizo lugar a las demandas. Se refirió a un caso iniciado contra el Banco Popular de Perú durante la crisis de ese país en el cual, previo otorgamiento de dos períodos de espera de seis y dos meses, respectivamente, a los efectos de permitir que se termine el proceso de liquidación del banco demandado, el tribunal actuante hizo lugar a la demanda. En el caso de Perú, la cámara de apelaciones confirmó la decisión del tribunal de finalmente hacer lugar a la demanda sobre la base de que, si bien los Estados Unidos alientan la participación de los acreedores en los procesos de reestructuración...
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