¿Cuál es el preaviso razonable para rescindir sin causa un contrato de distribución vigente durante 40 años?
Published date | 04 April 2022 |
Date | 04 April 2022 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
En los autos caratulados “RODRÍGUEZ Y GONZÁLEZ SRL c/ BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO ARGENTINA SAIC Y F (antes Nobleza Piccardo SAIC) s/ SUMARIO” (Expte. N° 13343/1999), la sociedad actora reclamó la reparación de los daños causados por la rescisión intempestiva ejercida por la sociedad demandada del contrato de distribución que las unía.
Se trataba de un contrato de distribución de cigarrillos celebrado verbalmente, sin plazo de duración y sin exclusividad, que se extendió por 40 años hasta que la demandada lo rescindió sin aviso previo.
La sentencia de primera instancia condenó a la demandada a indemnizar a la actora con el fundamento de que, si bien esta última estaba legalmente autorizada para rescindir el contrato, solo podía hacerlo mediante el otorgamiento de un preaviso que, en el caso, no existió.
En consecuencia, la jueza condenó a la demandada a resarcir los daños causados a la accionante.
Ambas partes apelaron dicha sentencia y, el 9 de marzo de 2022, la Sala B de la Cámara Comercial resolvió los recursos de la siguiente forma.
Por un lado, explicó que la conducta antijurídica de la demandada no fue la rescisión, sino la intempestividad de la ruptura, ya que, para ser considerada válida la rescisión, se debería haber dado a la actora un preaviso razonable.
Según la Cámara, un preaviso razonable sería aquel que hubiera permitido al afectado i) recomponer la situación en la que quedaría como consecuencia de la terminación, ii) solucionar los inconvenientes que normalmente origina la terminación y iii) reencausar su actividad a la nueva realidad comercial. Para poder determinarlo, dijo haber tenido en cuenta la duración del contrato y la estructura empresarial...
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