Intermediación financiera en operaciones simultáneas con valores negociables
Published date | 29 March 2006 |
Date | 29 March 2006 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
Mediante el Comunicado de Prensa N° 48.496 (el “Comunicado”) del 21 de marzo de 2006 (complementado por el Comunicado N° 48.498 del 22 de marzo de 2006) el Banco Central de la República Argentina (“BCRA”) dirigió una advertencia a los intermediarios financieros (autorizados o no) respecto de ciertas operaciones de compra y venta simultánea (o viceversa) de valores negociables que, a su entender, constituirían una unidad inescindible tendiente a implementar la transferencia de fondos desde y hacia al exterior en infracción al Régimen Penal Cambiario e incumplimiento de las disposiciones de acceso al Mercado Único y Libre de Cambios. Estos comunicados impactaron directamente sobre la operatoria llamada “contado con liquidación” realizada regularmente por el mercado desde el año 2002.
El BCRA agrega que “cuando se cuenta con pesos en el país y se quieren divisas en el exterior, y viceversa, el único canal posible dentro de la normativa legal vigente en el país es la realización de la operación a través del acceso al mercado local de cambios, cumpliendo con la normativa en la materia”.
Aun cuando el Comunicado no establece con claridad los parámetros que determinarían, a criterio del BCRA, la existencia de una operación ilegal, el BCRA entiende que dichos parámetros estarían dados por (i) la realización “simultánea” de compra y venta de valores negociables (con independencia de si es realizada con más de un intermediario financiero), y (ii) la ausencia de variación en la tenencia de valores negociables por parte del comprador y el vendedor.
El BCRA aclaró que las operaciones mencionadas no incluyen la colocación primaria de valores negociables ni su negociación en mercados secundarios por operaciones relacionadas con la variación en la tenencia de valores negociables. Por otro lado, informó que instruyó a las áreas respectivas para que den curso a los procesos de inspección y verificación de operaciones a efectos...
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