Navegación y comercio de cabotaje nacional – Nuevo régimen de multas en casos de infracciones
Author | Elías F. Bestani,Alberto C. Cappagli |
Date | 30 November 2012 |
Published date | 30 November 2012 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
La Ley de Cabotaje (Decreto N° 19.492/1944, ratificada por la Ley N° 12.980), dispone en su artículo 1 que la navegación, comunicación y comercio de cabotaje nacional será practicado únicamente por barcos argentinos. Bajo este régimen, “cabotaje nacional” es el que se practica entre puertos de la República Argentina exclusivamente (artículo 55, inc. 10, de la Ley de Cabotaje).
Para realizar cabotaje nacional, los buques extranjeros deben:
- contar con el waiver o permiso precario que prevé el artículo 6 de la Ley de Cabotaje Nacional para los casos de fuerza mayor en que, por circunstancias excepcionales, no fuera posible abastecer de artículos de primera necesidad una zona costera o cumplir con un contrato por no encontrarse buques argentinos en condiciones de prestar el servicio correspondiente; o
- incorporarse al Régimen de la Marina Mercante Nacional establecido en el Decreto N° 1010/2004 para los buques y artefactos navales de bandera extranjera locados a casco desnudo por armadores argentinos que se sujeten a las condiciones, plazos y características dispuestas por este régimen (para mayor información sobre el actual Régimen de la Marina Mercante Nacional, ver “Nuevo régimen para la marina mercante argentina – Decreto Nº 1010/2004”, en Marval News # 31; “Reglamentación del Decreto Nº 1010/2004 relativo a la marina mercante argentina”, en Marval New s# 38; y “Prórroga del nuevo régimen para la marina mercante argentina”, en Marval News # 54.)
En el texto anterior del artículo 48 de la Ley de Cabotaje, los buques extranjeros infractores eran pasibles de una multa de mil pesos moneda nacional por cada 100 toneladas de arqueo neto. Como consecuencia de los cambios de circulante y de la inflación, el monto de la multa se tornó insignificante.
Mediante la Ley N° 26.778, sancionada el 31 de octubre de 2012 y publicada en el Boletín Oficial el 27 de noviembre de 2012, el Congreso de la Nación sustituyó el artículo 48 de la Ley de Cabotaje.
El nuevo artículo 48 mantiene...
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