Régimen de extinción de las relaciones laborales
Published date | 08 March 2002 |
Date | 08 March 2002 |
Author | Javier E. Patrón |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
El 6 de enero de 2002 fue sancionada la Ley 25.561 de "Emergencia Pública y Reforma del Régimen Cambiario", que dispuso la suspensión de los despidos sin causa justificada por 180 días. Asimismo estableció que en el caso de que se produzcan despidos durante el período de suspensión, las indemnizaciones legales de los empleados afectados se duplicaran.
A través del Decreto Nº 264 (el “Decreto”) se reglamentó el art. 16 de la Ley 25.561 estableciendo el procedimiento a seguir para los casos de despidos de personal sin causa justificada durante el período de suspensión. El procedimiento a seguir variará dependiendo del número de trabajadores afectados, y de la cantidad de empleados de la compañía.
Si el número de trabajadores afectados es de (i) más del 15% de los trabajadores en empresas de menos de 400 trabajadores; (ii) más del 10% en empresas de entre 400 y 1000 trabajadores; y (iii) más del cinco por ciento (5%) en empresas de más de mil (1000) trabajadores, deberá sustanciarse el Procedimiento Preventivo de Crisis ("PPC") establecido en la Ley Nº 24.013.
El PPC es un procedimiento que tramita ante el Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Formación de Recursos Humanos, con el objeto de lograr un acuerdo entre la empresa, el Sindicato y los trabajadores que permita superar los problemas que motivaran la crisis y disminuir el impacto sobre los trabajadores. Durante el período de su tramitación se suspenden tanto las medidas que pudieran adoptar tanto el empleador como el sindicato y los trabajadores.
Cuando la cantidad de empleados afectados sea inferior al porcentaje establecido para el PPC, el empleador deberá notificar al Ministerio de Trabajo y a la asociación sindical con personería gremial que represente a los trabajadores afectados, la decisión de desvincular o suspender personal con una anticipación no menor a 10 días y manifestar la causa que originó el despido.
En caso de verificarse el incumplimiento del procedimiento establecido por el Decreto, el Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Formación de Recursos Humanos, intimará, previa audiencia de partes, el cese inmediato de...
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