Responsabilidad De Los Directores En Las Sociedades Anonimas
Article by Sarah B. Mendoza
Es usted Director de una Sociedad Anónima?, esto le puede interesar.......... En la actualidad, las sociedades anónimas constituyen pieza clave en el progreso económico en el mundo contemporáneo, su organización se adapta a los diversos objetivos e intereses de aquellos que la conforman, su estructura se establece y fortalece de acuerdo a la normativa dictada por los Estados y a la contenida en los Estatutos de cada sociedad. Sin detenerme en los requisitos para su constitución, pongo atención a los órganos conformantes de la estructura interna que permiten su funcionamiento. El Órgano de Gobierno constituido por la Junta General, representa la voluntad de los accionistas y de la sociedad. El Órgano de Administración a cargo del Directorio y, el Órgano de Fiscalización y Control Interno, compuesto por uno o más Síndicos accionistas o no; todos sus actos se sujetan a lo que dispone el Código de Comercio de Bolivia (CCB) en sus artículos del 283 al 342 y lo descrito en sus Estatutos.
Una consideración especial a la Administración y Representación de la sociedad a cargo del Directorio, entidad colegiada encargada de ejecutar las resoluciones adoptadas por la Junta de Accionistas, ejerce la representación legal de la sociedad ante terceros con quienes contrata, adquiere derechos y contrae obligaciones. Los directores son elegidos en Junta General Ordinaria por tiempo determinado, tienen la posibilidad de ser reelegidos, su elección es revocable por el mismo órgano.
¿Cuál la posición jurídica de los Directores?, el Directorio es un órgano colectivo que delibera por medio de la mayoría de sus miembros, que están ligados por un vínculo de solidaridad. El Director individual, la persona física, no es el órgano de la sociedad, sino que el Directorio lo constituyen todos los miembros en su conjunto, por ello se expresa que la función directorial es colegiada. El cargo de Director es personal e indelegable, personal porque debe desempeñarse por una persona física, su función es indispensable ya que el cargo pre-existe al que ejercerá y subsiste en caso de renuncia. El ejercicio del cargo es indelegable, debe ejercerse personalmente, no pueden delegarla ni por impedimento, para cuyo caso se eligen a los suplentes. Debe participar en las reuniones ejerciendo su votación de manera directa, puesto que esta prohibido realizarla por correspondencia. Al respecto, en el año 2008, la Superintendencia de Empresas, hoy sustituida por...
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