El silencio del asegurador frente a la denuncia del siniestro en los seguros de personas – Estado de la jurisprudencia de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Comercial
Published date | 08 June 2011 |
Date | 08 June 2011 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
El artículo 56 de la Ley de Seguros (ubicado entre las disposiciones generales de la ley) establece que “El asegurador debe pronunciarse acerca del derecho del asegurado dentro de los treinta días de recibida la información complementaria prevista en los párrs. 2º y 3º del art. 46. La omisión de pronunciarse importa aceptación”.
No obstante, el artículo 49 de la Ley de Seguros (también ubicado entre las disposiciones generales), al referirse al vencimiento de la obligación de pago del asegurador, hace una distinción entre seguros de daños patrimoniales y seguros de personas. Por un lado, el párrafo 1º prevé que, en los seguros de daños patrimoniales, el crédito del asegurado se pagará dentro de los 15 días de fijado el monto de la indemnización o de la aceptación de la indemnización ofrecida, una vez vencido el plazo del artículo 56 antes citado. En tanto que el párrafo 2º establece que, en los seguros de personas, el pago se hará dentro de los 15 días de notificado el siniestro, o de acompañada, si procediera, la información complementaria del artículo 46, párrafos 2º y 3º.
Es decir que parecería que el mismo artículo 49 da la pauta de cuándo sería aplicable el artículo 56 de la Ley de Seguros: solamente en los casos de seguros de daños patrimoniales. Sin embargo, esa no es la interpretación de la Sala E.
No es la primera vez que la Sala E aplica el artículo 56 de la Ley de Seguros a los seguros de personas. La sala aplicó el mismo criterio en un fallo dictado a principios de 2006 en la causa “Bizarro, Milton Luis c/Caja de Seguros de Vida S.A. s/Ordinario”.
Con sus matices, las restantes salas de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Comercial también han entendido que el artículo 56 de la Ley de Seguros es aplicable a los seguros de personas (Sala A: 26/10/2006, “Cespi, Alberto Ismael c/Caja de Seguros de Vida S.A.; 23/11/2006, “Taffarel, Roberto Eduardo y otro c/Caja de Seguros de Vida S.A.; Sala B: 30/06/2005, “Duarte, Roberto c/Caja de Seguros de Vida S.A. s/Ordinario”; Sala C...
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