Validez de la extinción del contrato de trabajo por mutuo acuerdo
Published date | 07 October 2020 |
Author | José M. Llano |
Date | 07 October 2020 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
El 10 de septiembre de 2020, en los autos “Ocampo, Alessio Matías Yair c/ BGH S.A. s/ despido”, la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación convalidó la legalidad de la extinción del contrato de trabajo formalizada mediante un acuerdo instrumentado en escritura pública y en el marco de la voluntad concurrente de las partes (lo que en la jerga académica se conoce como extinción por mutuo acuerdo), prevista en el artículo 241 de la Ley de Contrato de Trabajo (LCT). En el caso, el reclamante, quien junto a su empleador había suscripto ante escribano público un acuerdo de desvinculación a cambio de una gratificación por egreso, seis días después lo impugnó alegando que se había tratado de un despido encubierto y que había sido presionado para suscribir dicho acuerdo.
En primera instancia, se hizo lugar a la demanda al considerar que el acuerdo solo resulta válido como acto extintivo y entendiendo que dicho acuerdo carecía de efecto liberatorio por no haber sido celebrado ante la autoridad administrativa o judicial ni haber sido homologado. Por ende, las sumas abonadas como gratificación se consideraron como un pago a cuenta del total adeudado y se hizo lugar al reclamo y condenó a la accionada al pago de las indemnizaciones previstas por la LCT para el supuesto de un despido sin causa, diferencias salariales y determinadas multas reclamadas.
Con motivo del recurso de apelación interpuesto por la accionada, la Sala VII de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones del Trabajo confirmó la decisión adoptada en primera instancia al considerar que, más allá de que no se había probado la existencia de los vicios de la voluntad denunciados por el reclamante, de todos modos debía restarse valor al aludido acuerdo, ya que no había contado con intervención de autoridad administrativa o judicial ni mediado resolución fundada que demostrase la "justa composición de los derechos e intereses de las partes" que exige el artículo 15 de la LCT.
La demandada interpuso recurso extraordinario federal sosteniendo que la Sala VII de la Cámara...
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