Las acciones de clase llegaron al Congreso Nacional
Author | Leandro M. Castelli |
Published date | 25 September 2009 |
Date | 25 September 2009 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
En el reciente fallo “Halabi”, de febrero de este año, la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación delineó por primera vez los caracteres y requisitos para la procedencia de las acciones de clase.
Sin embargo, a pesar de admitir este tipo de acciones, la Corte resaltó algunos aspectos que deben ser regulados por una ley. Entre ellos, se encuentran la definición de la clase, quiénes pueden iniciarla (si puede hacerlo un integrante del grupo afectado o también organismos públicos o asociaciones) y cómo tramitar estos procesos.
Si bien ya habían sido presentados ante el Congreso Nacional varios proyectos de ley para regular las acciones de clase, todos habían perdido estado parlamentario.
Sin embargo, el pasado 7 de mayo, tres diputados de la provincia de Salta, José Antonio Vilariño, Osvaldo Rubén Salum y María Inés Diez, presentaron un nuevo proyecto de ley. Los Diputados Vilariño y Salum pertenecen al Frente para la Victoria y la Diputada Diez pertenece al Partido Renovador de Salta.
Este proyecto fue presentado originariamente por los Diputados Caamaño y Urtubey en el 2005 y luego sólo por el Diputado Urtubey en el 2007.
En cuanto a los requisitos para la admisión de una acción de clase, el proyecto se basa en las normas que regulan las acciones de clase en los Estados Unidos de América (Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23).
Con respecto al procedimiento, se señala que tramitarán por el proceso ordinario, haciendo la salvedad de aquellas acciones que debieran tramitar por la vía especial del amparo.
Asimismo, manifiesta que la mediación obligatoria no será de aplicación y que la acción de clase no podrá ser conciliada sin la aprobación del tribunal, debiendo éste asegurar que el acuerdo homologado llegue a conocimiento de todos los miembros de la clase.
Al declarar admisible una acción de clase, el juez deberá incluir una descripción de las características de las personas a las que considera como pertenecientes a esa clase y considerará incorporadas a todas ellas que caigan dentro de dicha descripción.
Por su parte, las personas incluidas dentro de...
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