Acoso sexual en las relaciones de trabajo
Published date | 29 August 2003 |
Date | 29 August 2003 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
La trabajadora inició la demanda, reclamando los daños y perjuicios ocasionados durante su desempeño laboral para la empresa demandada como consecuencia del acoso de carácter sexual padecido de parte de un superior jerárquico dependiente de su empleadora.
Relató en su demanda que desde el momento de su ingreso, el superior jerárquico comenzó a realizarle comentarios e insinuaciones de carácter sexual y que éstas fueron aumentando en intensidad con el transcurso del tiempo.
Manifiestó que concurrió a exponer la situación al propietario de la empresa y que éste hizo caso omiso a sus reclamos, motivo por el cual se vio obligada a renunciar.
El Juzgado de Primera Instancia rechazó la demanda por daños y perjuicios al considerar que no se habían probado que las conductas atribuidas al superior jerárquico fueran acompañadas de una amenaza que pusiera en peligro la suerte laboral de la actora, imponiendo un comportamiento sexual no deseado.
Asimismo interpretó el juez de primera instancia que no quedó probado que el propietario de la empresa estuviera en conocimiento del acoso que provocaba el superior jerárquico.
La Sala I de la Cámara Civil y Comercial de Apelaciones de Lomas de Zamora revocó la sentencia de primera instancia y condenó a la empresa empleadora y al superior jerárquico al pago de una indemnización en concepto de daño moral y psicológico.
Para así decidirlo, la Sala consideró que se encontraba suficientemente probado en la causa a través de numerosas presunciones, que por su precisión, gravedad y concordancia, llevan a la convicción de la existencia del acoso sexual por parte del superior jerárquico a la actora y la pasividad del empleador frente a ello.
Respecto al concepto de “acoso sexual” la Sala efectuó un extenso análisis de diversas formulaciones doctrinarias y jurisprudenciales de distintos países que sintetiza en los siguientes términos: perseguir o importunar a un trabajador o trabajadora, con fundamento en razones sexuales, persecución que tiene como sostén el trabajo en relación de dependencia –con motivo y ocasión del trabajo- y la relación de dirección o jerarquía, situación que implica un tema de discriminación en la comunidad laboral para el trabajador/a que no acepta el avance o asedio sexual y produzca cambios en las condiciones de trabajo, cesantía...
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