Arbitraje y locación de cosa indeterminada
Date | 30 November 2005 |
Published date | 30 November 2005 |
Author | Manuel J. Mariño |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
La locadora interpretaba haber celebrado con la locataria un contrato atípico conformado por elementos de la locación de obra y la locación de cosas, en el cual la locataria había garantizado cierto recupero de la inversión efectuada por aquélla para construir el depósito. Y próximo a vencer el plazo del contrato, había demandado a la locataria solicitando se revisaran sus parámetros plazo y precio, de manera de recuperar el porcentaje de la inversión que supuestamente la locataria había garantizado, y subsidiariamente, una indemnización sustitutiva. Por el contrario, la locataria entendía que se trataba de una locación de cosa inmueble que se había extinguido al vencimiento de su plazo, y que ningún recupero de la inversión había sido garantizado.
El Tribunal Arbitral consideró que la naturaleza del contrato era la de una locación de cosa indeterminada en los términos del artículo 1500 del Código Civil, en la cual la indeterminación de la cosa estaba representada por los depósitos que debían construirse en un predio claramente determinado.
En cuanto a la revisibilidad de los términos del contrato, en principio el Tribunal Arbitral la estimó procedente ya que las partes habían pactado que de ocurrir modificaciones significativas en las variables que cualquiera de ellas hubiera tomado en cuenta para formalizar la relación contractual, la parte afectada podría solicitar a la otra la modificación de aquellos parámetros necesarios para reestablecer las condiciones existentes al momento de contratar.
En este sentido, consideró que a raíz de la crisis económica y devaluación del año 2002 se produjeron modificaciones sobre algunas de las variables tenidas en cuenta por las partes al contratar, constituidas por la financiación que la locadora tomara para construir el depósito. Dicho empleo de la financiación internacional había sido previsto en el contrato.
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