CELEBRACIÓN DEL DÍA MUNDIAL DEL AGUA Y RECONOCIMIENTO LOCAL EN EL SALVADOR
Published date | 22 March 2022 |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
Hoy, 22 de marzo se celebra el Día Mundial del Agua, día en el cual se recuerda la relevancia de este líquido esencial. Dicha celebración tiene por objetivo concientizar a las personas e instituciones a nivel mundial, sobre la crisis que actualmente sufre el agua y la necesidad de buscar medidas correctas para su manejo y gestión. Todo esto, en la búsqueda de alcanzar el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible No. 6 de la ONU: Agua y saneamiento para todos antes de 2030.
Este importante día se celebra desde 1992, año en el que tuvo lugar la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo de Río de Janeiro. Ese mismo año se adoptó la resolución y fue el 22 de marzo de 1993 el primer año en que se celebró.
Al ser esta una iniciativa mundial, El Salvador se ha sumado a la causa del cuido y buena gestión del agua, desde los años ochentas, cuando se impulsaron iniciativas de reforma al ordenamiento jurídico salvadoreño en la materia, sin embargo, en el contexto del conflicto armado, este proceso no tuvo continuidad y es hasta el periodo identificado como postguerra que se retoma nuevamente la iniciativa. Por otro lado, a finales de los años setenta, el Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) apoyó la elaboración del PLAMADARH o “Plan Maestro de Desarrollo Aprovechamiento de los Recursos Hídricos,” el cual se concluyó en 1982. En materia legal, en Diciembre de 1981, se decretó una escueta “Ley sobre Gestión Integrada de Recursos Hídricos” con apenas seis artículos y el reglamento correspondiente de Marzo de 1982, le asignó al Ministerio de Planificación la responsabilidad de preparar el Plan Nacional de Aprovechamiento Múltiple de los Recursos Hídricos, así como un proyecto de Ley General de Aguas, el cual fue presentado a finales de 1983.
Los problemas de escasez y contaminación del agua se magnifican por los vacíos y contradicciones institucionales. El conjunto de leyes y reglamentos relativos a la gestión de los recursos hídricos es disperso, con serios traslapes de jurisdicción y responsabilidades de aplicaciones de las instituciones públicas como ANDA, CEL, MAG, MOP, MINSAL y MARN entre otros.
La mayoría de las instituciones desarrollan actividades encaminadas a satisfacer usos que se contraponen y generan competencia por otros usos específicos del recurso. El marco institucional tampoco da respuesta a los crecientes conflictos entre...
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