Cobro Por Uso De Contenidos En Televisores De Comercios
El Consejo de Derechos de Autor del Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (MEC) determinó recientemente que los establecimientos comerciales que cuenten con un televisor en sus locales deberán abonar una licencia por su uso dentro de los mismos. A continuación comentaremos los antecedentes que derivaron en esta determinación y los aspectos centrales de un debate que si bien se encuentra instalado hace algunos años en nuestro país, es de esperarse que no culmine en un futuro próximo.
Antecedentes: ¿Qué es la EGEDA y de dónde surgiría su potestad para cobrar la licencia de referencia?
Los antecedentes más próximos a este debate podrían encontrarse en el año 2003 con la constitución en Uruguay de una asociación civil denominada Entidad de Gestión de Derechos de los Productores Audiovisuales o EGEDA, que tendría como objeto "la protección, defensa, gestión y representación de los intereses y derechos de los productores de obras y grabaciones audiovisuales y de sus causahabientes, a fin de asegurar la normal percepción y reparto de los derechos que se devenguen". La EGEDA habría sido autorizada a funcionar para los cometidos anteriormente referidos por Resolución del MEC de fecha 12 de noviembre de 2007.
En virtud de lo anterior, uno de los propósitos de EGEDA desde entonces consistiría en regular las emisiones de televisión que se realizan en determinados establecimientos comerciales abiertos al público, mediante el otorgamiento de licencias sujetas a tarifas establecidas en función de determinados parámetros, como por ejemplo, la cantidad de televisores por local, entre otros. En este marco, la EGEDA habría procedido a distribuir comunicaciones, folletos y en hasta algunos casos, los contratos de licencia disponibles para las diversas empresas locales, a efectos de informarles sobre las licencias "necesarias" de contratación para quienes realicen "actos de comunicación pública" en sus establecimientos abiertos al público, ofreciendo las mismas en algunos casos, a un precio en pesos uruguayos equivalente a 10,62 dólares de Estados Unidos por televisor por mes.
Ante la insistencia de dichas comunicaciones y la incertidumbre por parte de determinados grupos empresariales respecto a la legitimación de EGEDA para compeler a la contratación de dichas licencias y aplicar sanciones ante la negativa, es que en el año 2016, ciertas organizaciones y gremiales acudieron al MEC a efectos de presentar sus reclamos al respecto, los cuales básicamente habrían...
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