Corte Constitucional declara constitucional el plazo de dos años para prohibir ciertos plásticos de un solo uso
Published date | 06 June 2023 |
Law Firm | Dentons, Cardenas & Cardenas |
A través de la Sentencia C-194 de 2023, la Corte Constitucional (la “Corte”) declaró constitucional el literal (a) del artículo 6 de la Ley 2232 de 2022, el cual fija un plazo de dos años para aplicar la prohibición para (i) la introducción al mercado, (ii) la comercialización y (iii) la distribución de algunos productos de plásticos de un solo uso. Lo anterior debido a que la Corte llegó a la conclusión que tal literal no constituye una limitación arbitraria del legislador ante la evidente necesidad de proteger el ambiente y la salud humana frente a las consecuencias negativas de la contaminación que producen estos productos.
La demanda de constitucionalidad contra la Ley 2232 de 2022 señaló que el término de dos años constituía una restricción irrazonable a la libertad económica y la iniciativa privada, toda vez que generaba un impacto económico grande a la industria de plásticos, por el reducido plazo que otorgaba para realizar un proceso de transformación productiva, lo cual a juicio del demandante es contrario al artículo 333 de la Constitución Política.
El análisis realizado por la Corte implicó la elaboración de un “test de proporcionalidad” con el fin de determinar si la prohibición de la Ley 2232 de 2022 es una restricción razonable a la libertad económica y la iniciativa privada o si, por el contrario, transgrede tales derechos.
La Corte resuelve declarar la constitucionalidad de la norma demandada al llegar a las siguientes conclusiones:
- La prohibición de la Ley 2232 de 2022 se ajusta a la Constitución Política, pues el plazo de dos años es una medida que permite lograr la finalidad de mitigar las consecuencias negativas que tiene para la industria de plástico la prohibición de sacar del mercado los productos plásticos de un solo uso.
- Los productos plásticos de un solo uso que son objeto de esta prohibición, son fácilmente sustituibles por otros y no afectan el consumo de otros bienes y servicios.
- La medida es proporcional si se considera que en la legislación colombiana se ha venido desincentivando el uso de productos plásticos de un solo uso desde hace algún tiempo, tal como ocurre con las bolsas plásticas y los...
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