Qué esperar de la industria energética de Perú en los próximos 5 años
Published date | 04 June 2021 |
Author | Daniela García Belaunde |
Law Firm | Rubio Leguía Normand |
Los planes de gobierno de los candidatos presidenciales en lo que a política energética se refiere se asemejan en que en ambos son escasos, ambiguos, escuetos, imprecisos y denotan muy poco entendimiento de la problemática del sector de hidrocarburos y electricidad que les permita exponer “cómo” y “cuándo” se ejecutarán dichas propuestas en sectores de alta inversión. En ninguno de ellos hay un verdadero plan energético, aunque debe reconocerse que las escasas propuestas de ambos candidatos son claramente diferenciadas en lo que a promoción de la inversión se refiere.
La propuesta de Fuerza Popular se encuentra alineada al modelo económico actual y se mantiene dentro de los pilares de la política energética que se viene ejecutando desde 2014. De manera concreta, propone el cambio progresivo de la matriz energética hacia fuentes renovables y cerrar la brecha de acceso a la infraestructura eléctrica mediante la priorización y fomento de la inversión público-privada en el desarrollo de centrales de energía renovable, así como la apertura hacia la electromovilidad.
Perú Libre propone la nacionalización de los recursos naturales y la estatización de la industria eléctrica e hidrocarburos mediante la revisión de todos los contratos de concesión otorgados y aquellos resultantes de los procesos de privatización, así como el impulso de la masificación del gas natural, el relanzamiento del gaseoducto del sur y la reducción de las tarifas eléctricas.
La escasez de propuestas y el desconocimiento del funcionamiento del sector energético resaltan a la vista en ambos casos. La propuesta de Fuerza Popular no menciona en absoluto a la industria de los hidrocarburos pese al importante potencial de reservas de gas y petróleo con las que cuenta el país y los serios problemas que aquejan actualmente a la industria. En tanto que Perú Libre desconoce los acuerdos internacionales a los que el país se ha comprometido para reducir sus emisiones de carbono, a raíz de la concientización del calentamiento global, siendo la penetración de las energías renovables, el cambio progresivo de la matriz energética, la electromovilidad y el hidrógeno verde pilares fundamentales para alcanzar dicho objetivo. En ambos casos, ninguna de las propuestas explica cómo vamos a encarar la transición energética en la que ya estamos inmersos, considerando los recursos naturales con los que cuenta nuestro país.
La transición energética hace que ambos sectores, electricidad e hidrocarburos, se...
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