Fusión de sociedades anónimas en Nicaragua
Published date | 17 May 2022 |
Author | Meyling Sampson |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
Estamos en un mundo cada día más competitivo y globalizado, lo cual ha causado un crecimiento en la actividad societaria, surgiendo la necesidad de crear alianzas entre empresas multinacionales y locales que permitan enfrentar en mejores condiciones la competencia global, a razón de esto hay una mayor demanda para desarrollar estrategias corporativas que conllevan importantes transformaciones societarias, tal es el caso de las fusiones de sociedades anónimas.
La fusión es el mecanismo mediante el cual dos o más sociedades anónimas unen sus patrimonios en uno, lo cual puede suceder: 1) Por Consolidación, que es cuando las sociedades se fusionan creando una nueva sociedad y extinguiéndose las otras; o 2) Por Absorción, que es cuando una de las sociedades que se fusionan sobrevive (sociedad absorbente) y las demás sociedades son absorbidas por esta, conllevando por tanto que se extingan (sociedades absorbidas).
El Código de Comercio de Nicaragua regula el tema de la fusión en cinco artículos, en los cuales establece la forma de cómo se deberá llevar a cabo la fusión de las sociedades anónimas, y en este sentido, en el artículo 263 del referido código se indica que debe existir en cada sociedad parte en la fusión un acuerdo previo aprobando la fusión, el cual deberá ser publicado en La Gaceta, diario oficial.
Una vez publicado el acuerdo, el artículo 264 del Código de Comercio nos plantea tres posibles escenarios: 1) la fusión tendrá efecto transcurrido tres (3) meses desde la fecha de publicación del mismo, a fin de que terceros puedan oponerse a dicha fusión; 2) no será necesario esperar dicho plazo si las entidades pueden comprobar de forma auténtica que se han satisfecho todas las deudas que tienen o que se ha puesto a la orden del juez el monto correspondiente al importe de todas las deudas de las sociedades; 3) el tercer escenario es que las sociedades a fusionarse hayan obtenido de forma expresa el consentimiento de todos los acreedores, en cuyo caso después de publicado el acuerdo de fusión no será necesario esperar los tres meses que se indican en el numeral 1.
Por su parte el literal a) del artículo 24 de la Ley No. 601 “Ley de promoción de la Competencia” regula las concentraciones indicando que se considera como tal “Cuando agentes económicos que han sido independientes entre sí realicen entre otros: actos, contratos, acuerdos, convenios, que tengan como finalidad la...
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