Honduras: Conoce la responsabilidad penal de los representantes legales
Published date | 03 January 2023 |
Author | Grossnie Velásquez |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
¿Alguna vez se ha encontrado preguntándose acerca de la responsabilidad penal de los representantes legales? En este artículo trataremos de explicar los distintos conceptos y principios jurídicos involucrados cuando se trata de la responsabilidad penal de los representantes legales. Exploraremos cómo estos principios se aplican en varios escenarios y entenderemos su importancia a la hora de tomar decisiones.
El “Compliance” no refiere directamente a la aplicabilidad del derecho penal, sin embargo, es indispensable hablar sobre cómo la responsabilidad penal de los representantes o administradores de cada empresa ha abierto las puertas para que las personas jurídicas implementen, dentro de sus parámetros de funcionamiento, una serie de programas, procedimientos y regulaciones que protejan los intereses económicos de los socios, evitando así, la aplicación de sanciones pecuniarias, la pérdida de credibilidad ante el cliente y el abuso de poder.
La realización de auditorías corporativas (mejor conocidas como “due diligence”), el desarrollo de programas de cumplimiento y la implementación de códigos de conducta, devienen del avance a nivel internacional en la imposición de multas y sanciones a todas aquellas empresas que incumplen con los protocolos establecidos y sobre todo, de la atribución objetiva de la comisión de los delitos tipificados a nivel empresarial tales como: defraudación fiscal, lavado de activos, delincuencia organizada, estafa, falsificación de documentos públicos o privados, delitos contra la propiedad industrial, entre otros.
La regulación que atribuye responsabilidad penal a los representantes legales o administradores de una persona jurídica en Honduras se establece en el nuevo Código Penal de Honduras publicado en el Diario Oficial la Gaceta en fecha diez (10) de mayo del dos mil diecinueve (2019), el cual determina en el Capítulo V, artículo 27 que: “Responsabilidad por actuaciones en nombre de otro. Quien actúa en representación legal o voluntaria de una persona natural o jurídica o como administrador de hecho o de derecho de una sociedad, responde personalmente de la conducta realizada, aunque no concurran en él, pero si en la persona representada, las cualidades, condiciones o relaciones que requiera el correspondiente delito para ser sujeto activo del mismo.”
Inicialmente, el Decreto 130-2017 refería a la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas...
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