en El Mercurio legal de Simón Zañartu , sobre usurpaciones de terrenos.
Jurisdiction | Chile |
Law Firm | Garnham Abogados |
Published date | 06 December 2022 |
Las tomas no existen, se llaman usurpación y son un delito "...Si la sola inactividad del Estado por sí misma genera un daño que el particular podría demandar judicialmente, el perjuicio será aún mayor si además se le impone la carga de restablecer el Estado de Derecho —como se ha venido haciendo—, pues al perjuicio producido por su falta de servicio se le sumarán los costos que a la persona le significará recuperar su propiedad..."
Sorprende cómo el Estado le ha venido endosando a los propietarios de inmuebles usurpados su responsabilidad de mantener el Estado de Derecho, pese a que las reglas son claras en el sentido contrario.
Ministros de Estado, municipios o incluso la Corte Suprema han impuesto cargas a las víctimas del delito de usurpación que al ciudadano común con razón le cuesta entender, tanto que, incluso —en forma inédita—, el máximo tribunal ha tenido que emitir comunicados explicando el alcance de sus resoluciones.
El solo hecho de que use el vocablo coloquial “toma”, a lo que en realidad es un delito que la ley define como “usurpación”, da cuenta de la ambigüedad con la que se está enfrentando el problema.
Nada de nuevo hay en el fenómeno de la usurpación ni en cómo el Estado está obligado a intervenir. La usurpación es un delito, conocido, pues como tal ha estado presente de manera casi inalterada desde que el Código Penal entró en vigencia en 1875.Y conocida también es la manera en que el Estado debe actuar ante la comisión de un delito, auxiliando a la víctima, practicando la detención en casos de flagrancia — que la usurpación sea un delito de flagrancia permanente es una obviedad— y resguardando el sitio del suceso a través de Carabineros o la Policía de Investigaciones, incluso sin orden previa, tal como lo dispone claramente el Código Procesal Penal.
La decisión del Estado de no cumplir con su obligación de corregir las distorsiones al Estado de Derecho —contraviniendo el principio de legalidad— le...
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