Nicaragua: Cancelación de Hipoteca de antigua data
Published date | 20 April 2023 |
Author | Daniela Matus |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
Muchos deudores con créditos originados en Nicaragua antes de la crisis económica del sistema financiero nacional en el año 2000-2001 y con hipotecas de antigua data no canceladas, desconocían ante que institución acudir para cancelar las hipoteca que recaían sobre sus inmuebles o bien que procedimiento seguir o ante quién requerir la escritura de cancelación de garantía hipotecaria.
En virtud de dichos acontecimientos, la legislación nicaragüense, recogió en la Ley General de los Registros Públicos la figura de la Cancelación Oficiosa de la Hipoteca por cuanto regula que “La hipoteca inscrita en el Registro de la Propiedad deberá cancelarse de oficio por el Registrador o Registradora pasados diez años contados a partir del vencimiento del plazo de la obligación. El Registrador o Registradora deberá publicar los asientos cancelados de forma mensual en la Tabla de Avisos de la oficina registral correspondiente”
Lo antes referido ha facilitado la cancelación de hipotecas de antigua data a través de un procedimiento administrativo de cancelación oficiosa, sin requerir la aprobación del Acreedor, tal como lo prescribe el art. 126 de la Ley de Registro Públicos.
Conforme lo establece el art. 108 del Reglamento de la Ley General de Registros Públicos, para que proceda la cancelación oficiosa de la hipoteca el registrador o registradora deberán calificar:
- Que hayan transcurrido diez años de vencimiento del plazo de la obligación conforme el asiento de inscripción de la hipoteca;
- Que no existan asientos regístrales que indiquen la interrupción del plazo;
- Cuando sea a solicitud de parte, el interesado deberá hacerla por escrito al registrador y presentarse en el Libro Diario;
- Cuando la hipoteca sea la obligación principal y conlleve inscripción de Prenda Agraria e Industrial como obligación accesoria, el registrador o registradora, al cancelar de forma oficiosa la hipoteca, debe cancelar la inscripción accesoria;
- Cuando el asiento de inscripción de hipoteca que deba cancelarse tenga como titular registral una entidad financiera extinta, el registrador dará aviso previo al Banco Central de Nicaragua y a la Procuraduría General de la República;
- Se deberá publicar, en la Tabla de Avisos de la oficina Registral, las solicitudes presentadas en la que se notifique al acreedor otorgándole un plazo de 30 días para oponerse, y, si hay oposición, se deberá resolver a través de los Tribunales de...
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