Nicaragua: El Fashion Law y la Propiedad Intelectual
Published date | 09 August 2022 |
Author | Darliss Gordon |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
Es por todos conocido que la industria de la moda constituye uno de los motores productivos de las economías mundiales generando billones de dólares anuales. Esta industria involucra distintos agentes interesados (stakeholders) que participan en la cadena de valor: desde los productores textiles y diseñadores, los agentes de logística transporte y almacenamiento, agentes de ventas en tiendas física o a través del canal digital, hasta otros agentes que auxilian en su difusión: modelos, fotógrafos, influencers, patrocinadores de fashion shows, teniendo en el centro aquellos productos de uso personal como prendas de vestir, calzados, joyas, perfumes y accesorios en general.
Imaginemos entonces las distintas situaciones legales que pueden suscitarse en este complejo universo del mundo de la moda y como consecuencia, las diversas disciplinas jurídicas que deben dar respuesta a estos problemas; como punto focal revisaremos algunos aspectos relativos a la propiedad intelectual e industrial; sin embargo, es válido aclarar que esta materia tiene especial relevancia para el derecho mercantil, derecho de competencia, de protección al consumidor, derecho de las obligaciones y contratos, derecho tributario, derecho administrativo, derecho procesal, entre otros.
El Fashion law es un término que apenas se acuñaba en el derecho anglosajón a finales de los años noventa y constituye un anglicismo que hace referencia a los diferentes aspectos legales que afectan la industria de la moda. En nuestra región centroamericana y aún en muchas jurisdicciones latinoamericanas, difícilmente encontraremos estructurado el Fashion Law o Derecho de la Moda, como una disciplina jurídica autónoma con leyes específicas para la materia, sino que la protección a este sector se concreta con la interpretación y aplicación de la normativa jurídica ya existente y sus distintas ramas.
Ante la inexistencia de normas específicas y actualizadas en algunos casos y las contradicciones que pueden surgir ante la falta de un régimen internacional uniforme, el principal problema al que se enfrentan las empresas de moda es la protección efectiva de todas sus creaciones, enfrentando como reto primordial, precisamente la originalidad de las mismas. La difusión masiva de los diseños y creaciones de moda que admite la era digital facilita la comisión de infracciones, falsificaciones, plagios y usos no autorizados. Como...
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