Nicaragua: Generación Distribuida de Energías Renovables para Autoconsumo y Movilidad Eléctrica
Published date | 24 April 2023 |
Author | Silvio ArguelloDaniela Matus |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
Es bien sabido que a nivel mundial existe una franca e importante tendencia en promover el uso de tecnologías sostenibles en materia de generación de energía, y que, a su vez, contribuyan a la disminución de gases de efecto invernadero y combatir el cambio climático.
Esta tendencia no es indiferente en Nicaragua y su proyección a futuro se emplaza en favor de contraponer la producción tradicional, grande y centralizada que realizan unos pocos centros de generación hacia un cambio que consista en la producción de electricidad autosostenible a partir de muchas pequeñas fuentes, y por supuesto, procurando menores impactos posibles al medio ambiente.
A este efecto, desde una perspectiva legal, la legislación en Nicaragua reconoce la generación distribuida detalladamente en el Acuerdo Ministerial No. 063-DGERR-002-2017 y demás normativas relacionadas, pudiendo concebirse la misma a partir de generación para autoconsumo de energías renovables tales como: solar, eólica, biomasa, hidráulica, y residuos sólidos. A esta generación puede aplicar toda persona natural o jurídica que tenga o proyecte la instalación y conexión al sistema de distribución, en baja o media tensión, de pequeñas instalaciones de generación destinada al autoconsumo, cuya potencia sea menor a los 5 MW.
Como parte de la generación distribuida, es posible que existan excedentes de energía, o energía inyectada a la red de distribución de la Empresa Distribuidora (ED). Esto se realizará solamente en los casos que se haya suscrito un Contrato de Compraventa entre las partes, la Empresa Distribuidora (ED) y el Generador Distribuido Renovable para Autoconsumo (GDRA).
La generación distribuida presume un gran posicionamiento en el carácter local ya que representa un ahorro que viene principalmente del autoconsumo que puede potenciar la producción de energía, sin dejar por un lado que la misma viene relacionada a la generación de energía “limpia” a base de energía renovable.
Por otra parte, y siempre dentro de este contexto, la legislación nicaragüense también ha constituido la Ley N°. 1111, Ley de Reforma y Adiciones a la Ley N°. 554, Ley de Estabilidad Energética, que contempla la creación de centros de carga o recarga de vehículos eléctricos, designando al Ministerio de Energías y Minas como el titular para emitir y manejar las disposiciones regulatorias para estos centros. En este contexto se exonera, por un plazo de...
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