Reforma a la ley 20.009 que limita la responsabilidad de los titulares o usuarios de tarjetas de pago y transacciones electrónicas en caso de extravío, hurto, robo o fraude.
Published date | 01 June 2020 |
Author | Andres Pumarino |
El viernes 29 de mayo pasado se ha publicada la ley 21.234 que viene a reformar la ley 20.009, esta norma regula el régimen de responsabilidad aplicable en los casos de extravío, hurto, robo o fraude de tarjetas de crédito, tarjetas de débito, tarjetas de pago con provisión de fondos, o cualquier otro sistema similar, en adelante conjuntamente, las “tarjetas de pago”, emitidas y operadas por entidades sujetas a la fiscalización de la Comisión para el Mercado Financiero y a la regulación del Banco Central de Chile, en relación con el respectivo giro de emisión u operación de dichos instrumentos. También regula el régimen de responsabilidad en los casos de extravío, hurto, robo o fraude de tarjetas de pago emitidas y operadas por entidades no sujetas a la fiscalización y regulación de los organismos indicados, salvo disposición expresa en contrario.
Es relevante destacar que esta norma amplia el ámbito de cobertura pues se aplicará a los fraudes en transacciones electrónicas. Para efectos de la ley, se entenderá por tales las operaciones realizadas por medios electrónicos que originen cargos y abonos o giros de dinero en cuentas corrientes bancarias, cuentas de depósitos a la vista, cuentas de provisión de fondos, tarjetas de pago u otros sistemas similares, tales como instrucciones de cargo en cuentas propias para abonar cuentas de terceros, incluyendo pagos y cargos automáticos, transferencias electrónicas de fondos, avances en efectivo, giros de dinero en cajeros automáticos y demás operaciones electrónicas contempladas en el contrato de prestación de servicios financieros respectivo. Se comprenden dentro de este concepto las transacciones efectuadas mediante portales web u otras plataformas electrónicas, informáticas, telefónicas o cualquier otro sistema similar dispuesto por la empresa bancaria o el proveedor del servicio financiero correspondiente.
Es interesante destacar cómo la ley en su artículo 2º viene establecer un conjunto de acciones de responsabilidad de los emisores, entre las que se encuentran proveer al usuario, todos los días del año, las veinticuatro horas del día, de canales o servicios de comunicación, de acceso gratuito y permanente, que permitan efectuar y registrar los referidos avisos. Por el mismo medio de comunicación, y en el acto de recepción, el emisor deberá entregar al usuario un número, código de recepción o identificador de seguimiento, y la fecha y hora del aviso, procediendo de inmediato al bloqueo...
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