Regulación de Activos Virtuales en Nicaragua
Published date | 09 June 2021 |
Author | Rodrigo Taboada y Mónica Brenes |
Law Firm | Consortium Legal |
El 17 de Mayo del 2021 entró en vigencia en Nicaragua la Ley 1072 “Ley de Reformas y Adiciones a la Ley No. 977, Ley Contra el Lavado de Activos, el Financiamiento al Terrorismo y el Financiamiento a la Proliferación de Armas de Destrucción Masiva y adición a la ley No. 561 Ley General de Bancos, Institución Financieras no Bancarias y Grupos Financieros” (en adelante la “Ley”). Además de incluir modificaciones en algunas materias propias de regulación de prevención de lavado de activos, introdujo un concepto muy importante con la adición del término “activos virtuales” que la Ley define como: “una representación digital de valor que se puede comercializar o transferir digitalmente y se puede utilizar para pagos o inversiones. Los activos virtuales no incluyen representaciones digitales de moneda fíat, valores y otros activos financieros.”
Mediante esta reforma, se otorgan facultades al Banco Central de Nicaragua (BCN) para regular la actividad comercial y la autorización de licencias y registro de operación de los proveedores de servicios de activos virtuales (PSAV), específicamente para aprobar las disposiciones que se estimen necesarias para regular la autorización y operaciones de los proveedores y llevar un registro de estos; autorizar, modificar, restringir, prorrogar, suspender o cancelar las licencias o registros de operaciones de los PSAV y establecer otras disposiciones aplicables a estos; mantener y publicar en su sitio web oficial la respectiva lista oficial actualizada de los proveedores a los que se les haya autorizado o cancelado la licencia de operación o registro; y emprender las acciones necesarias para identificar y sancionar, según corresponda, a las personas que estén efectuando actividades como PSAV e incumplan con sus obligaciones y exigir su registro y licencia en los casos que corresponda.
La reforma modifica también la Ley No. 561, Ley General de Bancos, Instituciones Financieras No Bancaria y Grupos Financieros y se agrega la facultad a los bancos de proveer servicios de activos virtuales. Las instituciones financieras que cuentan con la debida autorización para operar como tales y que entre sus operaciones estén autorizadas para proveer servicios de activos virtuales, podrán ofrecer tales servicios sin necesidad que obtengan licencia de operación para ser proveedores de estas. Sin embargo, deberán...
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