Seguros aeronáuticos - La Corte Suprema confirmó la reserva de mercado a favor de las aseguradoras argentinas en materia de seguros aerocomerciales
Author | Elías F. Bestani,Pablo S. Cereijido |
Published date | 29 February 2016 |
Date | 29 February 2016 |
Law Firm | Marval O'Farrell Mairal |
La Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación se expidió en la causa “Asociación Argentina de Compañías de Seguros y otros c/Estado Nacional - Poder Ejecutivo Nacional s/ nulidad de acto administrativo” y confirmó lo resuelto con anterioridad por la sala II de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Civil y Comercial Federal y el juez de primera instancia (ver “Seguros aerocomerciales. Inconstitucionalidad de decretos de necesidad y urgencia” en nuestro Insurance News N° 12 del 17 de abril de 2013).
A principios de septiembre de 2002, el Poder Ejecutivo Nacional declaró la emergencia del transporte aerocomercial y eximió a las compañías aéreas nacionales del deber de contratar sus seguros con aseguradoras argentinas, como lo exige la Ley N°12.988 (Decreto N° 1654/2002). Para ello, invocó como fundamento la crisis generada por los atentados ocurridos el 11 de septiembre de 2001 en los Estados Unidos y los costos asociados a la contratación de los seguros obligatorios que exige el transporte aerocomercial.
Esa decisión fue luego ratificada y extendida por el Poder Ejecutivo mediante el Decreto N° 1012/2006, por entender que la crisis continuaba afectando al mercado aerocomercial.
La Asociación Argentina de Compañías de Seguros, junto con algunas de las principales compañías de seguros del país, plantearon la inconstitucionalidad de los artículos 2° de los decretos por ser violatorios de los artículos 2 y 3 de la Ley N° 12.988, del artículo 192 del Código Aeronáutico y de la Ley N° 20.091 y sus planteos habían sido acogidos tanto por el juez de primera instancia como por la sala II de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Civil y Comercial Federal.
El Estado Nacional, sin embargo, interpuso recurso extraordinario federal y la causa fue elevada a la Corte Suprema.
La Corte, en el voto conjunto de los jueces Ricardo Lorenzetti y Carlos Fayt, recordó la rigurosa excepcionalidad exigida por el artículo 99, inciso 3, de la Constitución Nacional al momento de atribuir al Poder Ejecutivo potestades legislativas, en línea...
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