Las tensiones geopolíticas en torno a los semiconductores
Published date | 22 April 2024 |
Law Firm | Ibarra Rimón |
La guerra por la hegemonía de los semiconductores entre China y Estados Unidos se agudiza cada vez más.
Para Estados Unidos se trata de un asunto de seguridad nacional, toda vez que su industria militar depende en gran medida de estos componentes y de ahí su obsesión por desarrollar estrategias para alcanzar una completa autonomía en este ámbito y reducir su dependencia de los países asiáticos.
China y EE.UU. han adoptado medidas cuyo efecto ya se ha comenzado a sentir.
Así, hace poco el Departamento de Comercio de EE.UU. y la compañía Intel anunciaron que, al amparo del mecanismo contemplado en la Chips and Science Act, el gobierno subsidiaría, a esta empresa, y le otorgaría fondos por US 8.5 Billones para la construcción de nuevas instalaciones dedicadas a la innovación y fabricación de microchips en Ohio, Nuevo México y Oregón.
Pero los planes de este país no sólo se limitan a fortalecer compañías de origen estadounidense, sino que además se busca atraer inversiones de megaempresas del sector, a través de los mecanismos de la ley enunciada, como la Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) y Samsung a su territorio (The Washington Post).
La meta es posicionarse en el mercado mundial de los chips, fortalecer su cadena de
suministro y lograr la autosuficiencia en un periodo aproximado de 5 años (Intel
Newsroom).
La respuesta de China no se ha hecho esperar.
El pasado 13 de abril, Forbes informó que las acciones de Intel y AMD habrían caído en un 5 y un 4%, respectivamente, por una presunta medida adoptada por China que consistiría en ordenarle a las empresas de telecomunicaciones estatales reemplazar a los proveedores extranjeros de microchips, como Intel y AMD, por fuentes de suministro domésticas en todos sus sistemas.
Así mismo, china ha invertido ingentes recursos en investigación para el diseño de microchips, un área que es su talón de Aquiles, con el...
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